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1 strain
strain 1. раса, линия; 2. штамм; 3. растяжение; напряжение; деформация; растягивать(ся); напрягать(ся); 4. деформировать(ся); сжимать(ся); 4. процеживать; 5. pl элитаstrain раса, линия; штаммamino acid-producing strain штамм-продуцент аминокислотavirulent strain невирулентный штаммbiological strain биологическая расаbreeding strains pl элитаcell strain клеточный штаммco'sogenic strain линия, изогенная по всем генам, за исключением одногоcoisogenic strain коизогенная линия, одинаковая по всем генам, за исключением одногоcryptic strain криптический штаммdivergence of strain дивергенция штаммовflocculent strain флокулирующий штаммhigh-yielding strain высокопродуктивный штаммhomolysogenic strain гомолизогенный штаммhybrid strain гибридная линияhybrid strain гибридная линияinbred strain инбредная линияinbred strain инбредная линияindicator strain индикаторный штаммisogenic strain изогенная линияisogenic strain изогенная линияkiller strain штамм-убийцаlysogenic strain лозигенный штаммmonolysogenic strain монолизогенный штаммmutagenized strain мутировавший штаммnoninbred strain неинбредная линияnonpermissive strain неразрешающий (рост фагов) штаммparent strain 1. родительская линия; 2. родительский штаммpermissive strain разрешающий (рост фагов) штаммphage-changed strain штамм, изменённый под действием фагаpigment-deficient strain беспигментный штаммplasmid strain несущий плазмиду штаммpolylysogenic strain полилизогенный штаммproducing strain штамм-продуцентproduction strain производственный штаммpseudolysogenic strain псевдолизогенный штаммpure strain 1. чистопородная линия; 2. чистый штамм, чистая культураpure strain чистая линия, чистый штамм, чистая культураreference strain референс-штамм (вируса)relaxed strain штамм с ослабленным контролем синтеза РНКsibling strain сестринский штаммstringent strain штамм со строгим контролем синтеза РНКsupressor strain супрессорный штаммtester strain линия-анализаторtester strain линия-анализаторtrue lysogenic strain истинно-лизогенный штаммtype strain типовой штаммvirulent strain вирулентный штаммvirus-carrying bacterial strain штамм-носитель бактериофагаwild strain дикий штамм, исходный штаммEnglish-Russian dictionary of biology and biotechnology > strain
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2 strain
strain [streɪn]1. noun• it was a strain on the economy/their resources/his purse cela grevait l'économie/leurs ressources/son budgetc. ( = sprain) foulure fa. [+ rope, beam] tendre fortement ; [+ muscle] froisser ; [+ ankle] fouler ; [+ friendship, marriage] mettre à rude épreuve ; [+ resources, the economy] peser lourdement sur• to strain o.s. ( = damage muscle) se froisser un muscle ; ( = overtire o.s.) se surmener• don't strain yourself! (ironic) surtout ne te fatigue pas !• to strain to do sth (physically) fournir un gros effort pour faire qch ; (mentally) s'efforcer de faire qch• to strain at sth (pushing/pulling) pousser/tirer qch de toutes ses forces[+ liquid] vider* * *[streɪn] 1.to put a strain on — fatiguer [heart, lungs]
to take the strain — [beam, rope] être soumis à des efforts or des sollicitations
2) ( pressure) ( on person) stress m; ( in relations) tension fmental ou nervous strain — tension f nerveuse
to put a strain on — avoir un effet néfaste sur [relationship]; créer des tensions au sein de [alliance]; grever [economy, finances]; mettre [quelque chose] à rude épreuve [patience, goodwill]
to be under strain — [person] être stressé; [relations] être tendu
3) ( injury) muscle m froissé5) ( style) veine f, ton m2.strains plural noun air m3.transitive verb1)to strain one's eyes — ( to see) plisser les yeux
2) fig grever [resources, finances]; compromettre [relationship]; mettre [quelque chose] à rude épreuve [patience]3) ( injure)4) ( sieve) passer [sauce]; égoutter [vegetables, pasta]4.to strain at — tirer sur [leash, rope]
Phrasal Verbs: -
3 strain
strain [streɪn]1 noun∎ the rope snapped under the strain la corde a rompu sous la tension;∎ the weight put too much strain on the rope le poids a exercé une trop forte tension sur la corde;∎ to collapse under the strain (bridge, animal) s'effondrer sous le poids;∎ I took most of the strain c'est moi qui ai fourni le plus gros effort;∎ the buttress takes the strain off the wall le contrefort réduit la pression qui s'exerce sur le mur;∎ the girder can't take the strain la poutre ne peut pas supporter cette pression;∎ figurative the war is putting a great strain on the country's resources la guerre grève sérieusement les ressources du pays;∎ the new taxes take the strain off the budget les nouveaux impôts renflouent le budget(b) (mental or physical effort) (grand) effort m; (overwork) surmenage m; (tiredness) (grande) fatigue f; (stress) stress m, tension f ou fatigue f nerveuse;∎ he's beginning to feel/show the strain il commence à sentir la fatigue/à donner des signes de fatigue;∎ I've been under great physical strain je me suis surmené;∎ it was quite a strain for me to have to stand j'ai trouvé très fatigant de devoir rester debout;∎ the strain of making polite conversation l'effort que ça demande de faire la conversation à quelqu'un;∎ the situation has put our family under a great deal of strain la situation a mis notre famille à rude épreuve;∎ recent events have placed considerable strain on their relationship les événements récents ont mis leur relation à rude épreuve;∎ he can't take the strain anymore il ne peut plus supporter cette situation stressante;∎ it's a terrible strain on her nerves ses nerfs sont mis à rude épreuve;∎ they've been under a lot of strain recently leurs nerfs ont été mis à rude épreuve ces derniers temps;∎ the arrival of a new secretary took the immediate strain off me avec l'arrivée d'une nouvelle secrétaire, j'ai été immédiatement soulagée d'une partie de mon travail;∎ I couldn't stand the strain of commuting je trouvais trop épuisant de prendre les transports en commun tous les matins∎ to give one's back a strain se donner un tour de reins(d) (breed, variety → of animal, insect) race f; (→ of virus, bacteria) souche f; (→ of plant, grain) variété f∎ his other books are all very much in the same strain ses autres livres sont tout à fait dans le même genre ou dans le même style ou dans le même esprit(f) (streak, tendency) fond m, tendance f;∎ there is a strain of madness in the family il y a une prédisposition à la folie dans la famille;∎ there's a strong strain of fantasy in his novels il y a une grande part de rêve dans ses romans(a) (rope, cable, girder) tendre (fortement); figurative (resources, economy, budget) grever; (patience) mettre à l'épreuve, abuser de; (friendship, relationship) mettre à l'épreuve, mettre à rude épreuve;∎ he strained the canvas over the frame il a tendu la toile sur le cadre;∎ to be strained to breaking point être tendu au point de se rompre;∎ this new expense is straining our income to the limit nos revenus nous permettent tout juste cette dépense supplémentaire(b) (force → voice) forcer;∎ he strained his ears to hear what they were saying il tendit l'oreille pour entendre ce qu'ils disaient;∎ to strain one's eyes to see sth plisser les yeux pour mieux voir qch;∎ to strain every nerve or sinew to do sth s'efforcer de faire qch(c) (hurt, damage → eyes) fatiguer;∎ reading small print strains your eyes ça fatigue les yeux de lire des petits caractères;∎ you'll strain your eyes tu vas te fatiguer les yeux;∎ to strain a muscle se froisser un muscle;∎ I have to be careful not to strain my heart il faut que je veille à ménager mon cœur;∎ to strain one's back se donner un tour de reins;∎ I've strained my arm je me suis froissé un muscle du bras;∎ mind you don't strain yourself lifting that typewriter attention de ne pas te faire mal en soulevant cette machine à écrire;∎ ironic don't strain yourself! surtout ne te fatigue pas!;∎ she lent a hand, but she didn't exactly strain herself elle a mis la main à la pâte, mais elle ne s'est pas vraiment fatiguée∎ it would be straining the truth to call the play a masterpiece dire que cette pièce est un chef-d'œuvre serait exagéré∎ she strained the child to her breast elle serra l'enfant contre sa poitrine∎ she was straining at the door (pulling) elle tirait sur la porte de toutes ses forces; (pushing) elle poussait (sur) la porte de toutes ses forces;∎ to strain at a rope/at the oars tirer sur une corde/sur les rames;∎ the dog strained at the leash le chien tirait sur sa laisse;∎ figurative to be straining at the leash piaffer d'impatience;∎ I had to strain against the wind j'ai dû lutter contre le vent;∎ she strained under the weight elle ployait sous la charge∎ to strain to do sth s'efforcer de faire qch;∎ I strained to understand/hear what they were saying je me suis efforcé de comprendre/d'entendre ce qu'ils disaient;∎ he tends to strain after effect il a tendance à vouloir se faire remarquer(c) (be under tension → rope, cable) se tendre; (→ beam) fatiguer, travailler; (become deformed) gauchir, se fausser∎ to strain at sth (be unwilling) se faire un scrupule de qch;∎ to strain at doing sth avoir des scrupules à faire qch(of music) accents mpl, accords mpl;∎ the crowd rose to the strains of the national anthem le public s'est levé aux accents de l'hymne national(liquid) vider, égoutter -
4 strain
- strain
- nдеформация; напряжение; натяжение
- angular strain
- angular unit strain
- axial strain
- bending strain
- bulk strain
- compression strain
- cyclic strains
- elastic strain
- inelastic strain
- lateral strain
- linear strain
- linear elastic strain
- linearly varying strain
- longitudinal strain
- main strain
- nonelastic strain
- nonlinear elastic strain
- plane strain
- plastic strain
- principal strain
- residual strain
- shearing strain
- shear strain
- stretcher strains
- surface strain
- swelling strain
- tension strain
- time-dependent strain
- transverse strain
- true strain
- ultimate tensile strain
- unit strain
- viscoelastic strain
- volume strain
Англо-русский строительный словарь. — М.: Русский Язык. С.Н.Корчемкина, С.К.Кашкина, С.В.Курбатова. 1995.
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5 strain
A n1 Phys ( weight) effort m, contrainte f (on sur) ; ( from pulling) tensions fpl (on de) ; to put a strain on soumettre [qch] à des efforts or à des sollicitations [beam, bridge, rope] ; fatiguer [heart, lungs] ; faire travailler [muscles] ; to be under strain [bridge, structure] être soumis à des efforts or des sollicitations ; to grimace/sweat under the strain grimacer/suer sous l'effort ; to take the strain [beam, bracket, rope] être soumis à des efforts or des sollicitations ; the rope/shelf can't take the strain la corde/l'étagère ne résistera pas ;2 ( pressure) ( on person) stress m ; ( in relations) tension f ; mental ou nervous strain tension f nerveuse ; to put a strain on avoir un effet néfaste sur [relationship] ; créer des tensions au sein de [group, alliance] ; surcharger [system, network] ; provoquer une crise dans [sector, prison system] ; grever [economy, finances] ; mettre [qch] à rude épreuve [patience, goodwill] ; to be under strain [person] être stressé ; [relations] être tendu ; [network, system] être surchargé ; to take the strain [person] supporter la pression ; he can't take the strain il supporte mal le stress or la pression ; to crack under the strain [person] craquer sous la pression ; to take the strain out of faciliter [climb, management, organization] ; to show signs of strain [person] montrer des signes de fatigue ; the strain (on him) was beginning to tell il montrait des signes de fatigue ; the strains within the coalition les tensions au sein de la coalition ; it's a strain talking to him c'est pénible de lui parler ; it's getting to be a strain ça commence à devenir pénible ;7 ( style) veine f, ton m ; the rest of the speech was in the same strain le reste du discours était dans la même veine.C vtr1 ( stretch) tendre [rope, cable] ; to strain one's eyes ( to see) plisser les yeux ; to strain one's ears tendre l'oreille ; to strain one's muscles/every muscle tendre ses muscles/tous ses muscles (to do pour faire) ; ⇒ nerve ;2 fig grever [resources, finances, economy] ; compromettre [relationship, alliance] ; surcharger [network, system] ; mettre [qch] à rude épreuve [patience, credulity, understanding] ; it would be straining the truth to say… ce serait exagéré de dire… ; the writer has strained the possibilities of conventional language l'écrivain a dépassé or sublimé les possibilités du langage conventionnel ;3 ( injure) to strain a muscle se froisser un muscle ; to strain one's thigh/groin/shoulder se froisser un muscle de la cuisse/l'aine/l'épaule ; to strain one's eyes/heart se fatiguer les yeux/le cœur ; to strain one's voice forcer sa voix ; to strain one's back se faire un tour de reins ;D vi to strain against sth pousser de toutes ses forces contre qch ; to strain at tirer sur [leash, rope] ; to strain to see/hear faire un gros effort pour voir/entendre ; to strain forward se pencher en avant.1 ( injure) se blesser ;■ strain off:▶ strain [sth] off, strain off [sth] faire égoutter [water, liquid, fat]. -
6 strain
Ⅰstrain [streɪn]1. n1) натяже́ние, растяже́ние;the rope broke under the strain верёвка ло́пнула от натяже́ния
2) напряже́ние;to bear the strain выде́рживать напряже́ние
3) тех. деформа́ция2. v1) натя́гивать; растя́гивать(ся);to strain a tendon растяну́ть сухожи́лие
2) стара́ться изо все́х си́л;the masts strain and groan ма́чты гну́тся и скрипя́т
;to strain under a load напря́чь уси́лия под тя́жестью но́ши
;to strain at the oars налега́ть на вёсла
3) превыша́ть; злоупотребля́ть; наси́ловать;to strain the law допусти́ть натя́жку в истолкова́нии зако́на
;to strain a person's patience испы́тывать чьё-л. терпе́ние
4) проце́живать(ся); фильтрова́ть(ся); проса́чиваться5) обнима́ть, сжима́ть;to strain smb. in one's arms сжать кого́-л. в объя́тиях
;to strain to one's heart прижа́ть к се́рдцу
6) напряга́ть (зрение, слух, голос и т.п.);а) переутомля́ться;б) напряга́ться;to strain every nerve напря́чь все си́лы
7) тех. вызыва́ть оста́точную деформа́циюstrain after тяну́ться за чем-л.; стреми́ться к чему-л.;strain at быть чрезме́рно щепети́льным;strain off отце́живатьⅡstrain [streɪn] n1) поро́да, пле́мя, род2) насле́дственная черта́; черта́ хара́ктера; накло́нность;a strain of cruelty не́которая жесто́кость, элеме́нт жесто́кости
3) биол. штамм4) стиль, тон ре́чи;much more in the same strain и мно́го ещё в том же ду́хе
;he spoke in a dismal strain он говори́л в меланхоли́ческом то́не
5) (обыкн. pl) муз., поэт. напе́в, мело́дия; поэ́зия, стихи́;the strains of the harp зву́ки а́рфы
;martial strains вои́нственные напе́вы
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7 strain
to put a \strain on sth einen Druck auf etw akk ausüben;I found it quite a \strain having her to stay with us ich habe es als ziemliche Belastung empfunden, sie bei uns zu haben;stresses and \strains Strapazen fpl;to be under a lot of \strain stark unter Druck stehen;( emotional) unter großem Druck stehenexcess weight puts a lot of \strain on the heart Übergewicht stellt eine große Belastung für das Herz darstress and \strain Zug und Druck5) (pulled tendon, muscle) Zerrung f;hamstring \strain Zerrung f der Achillessehne\strains pl Melodie[n] f[pl] vithe dog is \straining at the leash der Hund zerrt an der Leineto \strain sthI \strained a muscle in my back ich habe mir eine Rückenmuskelzerrung zugezogen;he \strained the rope until he was sure that it would hold fast er belastete das Seil, bis er sicher war, dass es halten würde;to \strain a ligament sich dat eine Bänderzerrung zuziehen(fig: exaggerate) etw übertreiben;she's \straining every nerve to get the work finished on time sie strengt sich ungeheuer an, um die Arbeit rechtzeitig fertig zu bekommen;to \strain one's eyes die Augen überanstrengen;to \strain the truth übertreiben;I agree she's lost weight, but I think it's \straining the truth a little to describe her as slim ich finde auch, dass sie abgenommen hat, aber sie als schlank zu bezeichnen, das wäre denn doch etwas zu viel;his conduct couldn't but \strain their relationship sein Benehmen musste eine Belastungsprobe für ihre Beziehung sein;to \strain sb's credulity für jdn sehr unglaubhaft klingen4) ( remove solids from liquids) coffee etw [aus]sieben [o ausziehen]; ( remove liquid from solids) vegetables etw abgießen -
8 ■ strain at
■ strain atv. i. + prep.1 tirare con forza, fare forza su: We strained at the rope to rescue the climber, abbiamo tirato la fune a tutta forza per salvare l'alpinista; to strain at the oars, fare forza sui remi2 (fig.) agitarsi, arrovellarsi, prendersela, fare difficoltà per: to strain at a gnat, prendersela per un nonnulla; to strain at sb. 's decision, fare delle difficoltà per accettare la decisione di q. □ (fig. fam.) to strain at the leash, mordere il freno (fig.); essere impaziente. -
9 strain off
strain [sth.] off, strain off [sth.] filtrare, colare [liquid, fat]* * *(to remove (liquid) from eg vegetables by using a sieve etc: When the potatoes were cooked, she strained off the water.) colare, scolare* * *vt + adv(liquid) togliere* * *strain [sth.] off, strain off [sth.] filtrare, colare [liquid, fat] -
10 strain gauge
strain gauge1 ELEK Dehnungsmessstreifen m, DMSstrain gauge2 HYDR/PNEU Druckmessdose fstrain gauge3 TECH Spannungsmesser m (Statik) -
11 strain at
strain at дърпам, тегля (за вързано животно); опъвам се (и прен.); to \strain at at the leash дърпам ремъка, мъча се да се освободя (и прен.); • to \strain at at a gnat правя спънки за дреболии; -
12 strain at
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13 strain off
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14 strain energy
- strain energy
- n (потенциальная) энергия упругой деформации
Англо-русский строительный словарь. — М.: Русский Язык. С.Н.Корчемкина, С.К.Кашкина, С.В.Курбатова. 1995.
* * * -
15 strain amplitude
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16 strain energy
strain energy1 FORM, HÜTT/WALZ, STB Verformungsarbeit fstrain energy2 FORM, MET Formänderungsarbeit f -
17 strain at the leash
strain at the leashaan de teugels trekken, zich los willen rukken 〈 in het bijzonder figuurlijk〉———————— -
18 ■ strain away
■ strain away► strain off. -
19 ■ strain off
■ strain offv. t. + avv. -
20 ■ strain on
■ strain on► strain at.
См. также в других словарях:
Strain — can refer to: * Strain (biology), a variant of a plant, virus or bacterium; or an inbred animal used for experimental purposes * Strain (chemistry), a chemical stress of a molecule * Strain (continuum mechanics), the deformation of materials… … Wikipedia
Strain — Strain, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Strained}; p. pr. & vb. n. {Straining}.] [OF. estraindre, estreindre, F. [ e]treindre, L. stringere to draw or bind tight; probably akin to Gr. ? a halter, ? that which is squeezwd out, a drop, or perhaps to E. strike … The Collaborative International Dictionary of English
Strain engineering — refers to a general strategy employed in semiconductor manufacturing to enhance device performance. Performance benefits are achieved by modulating strain in the transistor channel, which enhances electron mobility (or hole mobility) and thereby… … Wikipedia
străin — STRĂÍN, Ă, străini, e, adj., s.m. şi f. (Persoană) care face parte din populaţia altei ţări decât aceea în care se află sau trăieşte; (om, fiinţă) care este originară din altă regiune, localitate etc. decât aceea în care se află sau locuieşte,… … Dicționar Român
Strain — Strain, n. 1. The act of straining, or the state of being strained. Specifically: [1913 Webster] (a) A violent effort; an excessive and hurtful exertion or tension, as of the muscles; as, he lifted the weight with a strain; the strain upon a ship … The Collaborative International Dictionary of English
Strain Encoding MRI — Strain Encoding (SENC) in Magnetic Resonance ImagingSENC is a technique developed by Nael Osman s group at Johns Hopkins University for imaging the strain of deforming tissue using MRI. Introduction Strain encoding is the third type of encoding… … Wikipedia
strain — strain1 [strān] vt. [ME streinen < OFr estraindre, to strain, wring hard < L stringere, to draw tight: see STRICT] 1. to draw or stretch tight 2. to exert, use, or tax to the utmost [to strain every nerve] 3. to overtax; injure by… … English World dictionary
strain# — strain n 1 *variety, subspecies, race, breed, cultivar, clone, stock 2 streak, vein, *touch, suggestion, suspicion, soupçon, tincture, tinge, shade, smack, spice, dash strain vb 1 sprain (see under STRAIN n 2) *demur, scruple, balk, jib, shy,… … New Dictionary of Synonyms
Strain scanning — refers to several diffraction based techniques using X rays and neutrons where the crystalline lattice of a material is, in effect, used as a form of strain gauge. The various methods are derived from powder diffraction but look for the small… … Wikipedia
strain — [n1] pain, due to exertion ache, anxiety, bruise, brunt, burden, constriction, effort, endeavor, exertion, force, injury, jerk, pressure, pull, sprain, stress, stretch, struggle, tautness, tension, tensity, twist, wrench; concept 728 Ant. health … New thesaurus
Strain rate — Strain rate, with regards to materials science, is the change in strain over the change in time and is denoted as έ.έ = δε/δtWe have :έ = δε/δt = frac{1}{ell 0} frac{dell}{dt} = frac{v}{ell 0}where ell 0 is the original length and v is the speed… … Wikipedia